Research Interests:
Endocrinology and Physiology
My research is primarily concerned
with the hormonal mechanisms that permit animals
to respond to changes in their environment.
Specifically, I am interested in understanding
how environmental factors (natural and man-made)
alter the vertebrate endocrine system and how
these alterations influence growth, development,
metabolism and life-history in lower vertebrates.
My approach is applied and comparative (studies
in rainbow trout, tilapia, yellow perch, catfish
and amphibians) in nature, and involves the
use of traditional methods to characterize
the actions of hormones vertebrates. In addition,
I place a strong emphasis on the application
of molecular approaches to the problems of
vertebrate physiology.
In more applied work, we have shown
the existence of a new regulatory axis, for growth
hormone (GH) secretion, in teleosts. Herein,
we determined that novel GH-secretogogues (GHS)
stimulated GH release (via the GHS-Receptor)
in tilapia, channel catfish and rainbow trout,
thus providing the first evidence for the presence
of this regulatory axis in teleosts. Recently, “ghrelin”,
a novel peptide isolated from the stomach, has
been found to be the natural ligand for the GHS-R.
In rainbow trout, we have found that ghrelin,
and other GHSs (KP-102 and GHRH), stimulate the
endocrine growth axis (GH, IGF-I and IGF-binding
proteins) and feed intake. It is likely that
this work will result in novel ways to promote
growth in commercially-important teleosts.
Selected
Publications
- Shepherd, B.S., et al.
(1997) Somatotropic Actions of the Homologous
Growth Hormone and Prolactins
in the Euryhaline Teleost, the Tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences, USA 94: 2068-2072.
- Shepherd, B.S., et
al. (2000) The hexapeptide KP-102 (D-Ala-D-β-Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2)
stimulates growth hormone release in a cichlid
fish (Oreochromis
mossambicus). Journal of Endocrinology 167: R7-R10.
- Johnson, J. et al. (2003) Disparate
Regulation of the Insulin-like Growth Factor
Binding Proteins in an Ictalurid
Teleost (Ictalurus punctatus). Gen
and Comparative Endocrinology 134: 122-130.
- Shepherd, B.S. et al. (2005)
Salinity acclimation affects the somatotropic
axis in rainbow trout. American
Journal of Physiology: Reg. Comp. Integr. Physiol. 288: R1385-R1395.
- Anitha Elango, Brian S. Shepherd and
Thomas T. Chen (2006) Effects of Endocrine
Disrupters on the Expression of Growth Hormone
and Prolactin mRNA in the Rainbow Trout Pituitary. General
and Comparative Endocrinology 145:
116-127.
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